Cañon, NM planting calendar
- USDA zone
- 7a0 to 5 °F
- Last frost
- May 9avg, 32°F
- First frost
- Oct 11avg, 32°F
- Growing season
- 153days
Cañon, New Mexico is in USDA plant hardiness zone 7a. Its average last spring frost is around May 9 and the first fall frost around October 11, giving a growing season of about 153 days (NOAA 1991–2020 normals, 32°F, median). Start tender crops like tomatoes and peppers indoors weeks before the last frost and set them out afterward; sow hardy crops such as peas, spinach, and lettuce before it. The planner below turns those frost dates into a printable per-crop planting calendar.
Cañon planting calendar
Each crop's windows are counted from Cañon's average frost dates. hatched = start seeds indoors, solid green = plant out, teal = a fall sowing, and the terracotta dot marks the estimated first harvest. Ranges are extension-guide planning guidance, not guarantees.
- Start indoors
- Plant out
- Fall sowing
- First harvest
| Crop | Frost tolerance | Start indoors | Plant out | First harvest | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Tender | Mar 14 – Mar 28 | May 16 – May 23 | Jul 15 – Aug 4 | — |
| Pepper | Very tender | Feb 28 – Mar 14 | May 23 – May 30 | Jul 22 – Aug 21 | — |
| Cucumber | Tender | Apr 11 – Apr 18 | May 16 – May 23 | Jul 5 – Jul 25 | — |
| Summer squash / zucchini | Tender | — | May 16 – May 23 | Jun 30 – Jul 15 | — |
| Bush bean | Tender | — | May 16 – May 23 | Jul 5 – Jul 15 | Aug 12 – Aug 22 |
| Sweet corn | Tender | — | May 9 – May 23 | Jul 8 – Aug 7 | — |
| Basil | Very tender | Mar 28 – Apr 11 | May 16 – May 23 | Jun 15 – Jun 30 | — |
| Lettuce | Half-hardy | Mar 28 – Apr 11 | Apr 11 – Apr 25 | May 26 – Jun 10 | Jul 29 – Aug 13 |
| Pea | Hardy | — | Mar 28 – Apr 11 | May 22 – Jun 6 | Jul 19 – Aug 3 |
| Spinach | Hardy | — | Mar 28 – Apr 11 | May 7 – May 17 | Aug 8 – Aug 18 |
| Carrot | Half-hardy | — | Apr 18 – Apr 25 | Jun 17 – Jul 7 | Jul 9 – Jul 29 |
| Broccoli | Half-hardy | Mar 14 – Mar 28 | Apr 11 – Apr 25 | Jun 5 – Jun 25 | Jul 14 – Aug 3 |
Data: NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (public domain) and USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023. Planting windows synthesized from U.S. Cooperative Extension guides.
Frost & freeze dates
From NOAA's 1991–2020 Climate Normals at station USC00294369. The median (p50) is the average date; the 90%-safe column is the date the freeze has passed in about 9 years out of 10 (p10 for spring, p90 for fall) — the conservative date to plant after or harvest before.
| Threshold | Last spring — avg | Last spring — 90%-safe | First fall — avg | First fall — 90%-safe | Season (days) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 20 | Jun 3 | Oct 2 | Oct 13 | 133 |
| 32°F (freeze) | May 9 | May 23 | Oct 11 | Oct 22 | 153 |
| 28°F | Apr 26 | May 12 | Oct 21 | Nov 1 | 177 |
| 24°F | Apr 10 | Apr 27 | Nov 1 | Nov 14 | 203 |
32°F is the standard "freeze" line that damages tender crops; lighter 36°F frost can nip the most cold-sensitive plants, while hardy crops shrug off light frost down toward 28°F. Use the threshold that matches what you are protecting.
Growing degree days
Growing degree days (GDD) accumulate warmth above a base temperature over the year — a better predictor of crop development than the calendar alone. Warm-season crops need a long, warm GDD total; a short, cool GDD total favors greens and brassicas.
| Model | °F·days | Used for |
|---|---|---|
| Base 50°F (warm-season) | 2,786 | standard warm-season base (tomato, corn, beans) |
| Base 40°F (cool-season) | 5,103 | cool-season crops (brassicas, greens) |
Hardiness zone 7a
Cañon sits in USDA plant hardiness zone 7a on the 2023 map — meaning its average annual extreme minimum winter temperature is about 0 to 5 °F. That number tells you which perennials, shrubs, and trees reliably survive an average winter here; it does not set your planting dates, which come from the frost calendar above.
Explore more places in zone 7a, or see all USDA hardiness zones.
Frequently asked questions
- What USDA hardiness zone is Cañon?
- Cañon, New Mexico is in USDA plant hardiness zone 7a on the 2023 map (average annual extreme minimum temperature 0 to 5 °F) — from the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, matched to this location's ZIP. See the methodology page for sources.
- When is the last frost in Cañon?
- The average (median) last spring frost at 32°F is around May 9, from NOAA's 1991–2020 climate normals at the nearest reporting station. Roughly one year in ten the last frost is as late as May 23, so wait until then before setting out frost-tender plants if you want to be safe.
- When is the first fall frost in Cañon?
- The average first fall frost at 32°F is around October 11. That leaves a growing season of about 153 days between the average last spring and first fall frosts.
- When should I start tomatoes in Cañon?
- Start tomato seeds indoors about Mar 14 – Mar 28 and transplant them outside about May 16 – May 23, once the danger of frost has passed. Estimated first harvest is around Jul 15 – Aug 4.
- How long is the growing season in Cañon?
- About 153 days at the 32°F threshold (NOAA 1991–2020, median) — the span between the average last spring frost (~May 9) and the average first fall frost (~October 11). Cold-hardy crops extend usable time at both ends; frost-tender crops fit inside it.
Sources & method
Frost, freeze, growing-season, and growing-degree-day figures are NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 for station USC00294369 (Jemez Springs, 7.8 km away). The hardiness zone is the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, matched to this location's ZIP. Planting windows are computed by counting from the average last and first frost using per-crop offsets synthesized from U.S. Cooperative Extension guides — the full method and citations are on the methodology page.